Freezing of Gait Questionnaire

Parkinson's Disease:

(Giladi et al, 2009; n = 454 patients with PD who were randomly assigned to receive Rasagiline (1 mg/day; n = 150), Entacapone (200 mg with each dose of Levodopa; n = 150), or placebo (n  = 154); patients were assessed at baseline and after 10 weeks using the FOG-Q; mean UPDRS = 32; Mean H & Y score at ON stage = 2.1; mean age = 63 years)

• Item 3: good single question for screening of FOG frequency

(Moore et al, 2007; n = 118 patients with PD; mean H & Y = 2.7 (0.8);mean UPDRS = 48.4 (17.1); mean age = 65.8 (10.2) years)

• Item 3: good single question for screening of FOG frequency

(Schaafsma et al, 2003; n = 19 patients with PD who were on Levodopa treatment; mean H & Y score at ON stage = 3; mean UPDRS at ON stage = 27; mean age  = 62 (8.4) years)

• Answer selections for items 4-6 provide a range to classify the duration of a FOG episode

Parkinson's Disease:

(Nieuwboer et al, 2007; n  = 153 patients with idiopathic PD; n = 76 patients with early stage and 77 patients with late stage PD; Hoehn and Yahr stage II–IV; mean age for early stage = 67.5 (61.5-72) years; mean age for late stage = 69 (62.5-73) years)

Parkinson's Disease:

(Giladi et al, 2009; assessed at baseline and 10 weeks)

• Excellent test-retest reliability:
  • Placebo group (r = 0.83)
  • Two treatment groups (r = 0.84)

Parkinson's Disease: (Giladi et al, 2000; n = 40 patients with PD; mean H & Y at OFF stage = 2.85(0.84); mean UPDRS = 54.7(18.8); mean age = 72.3(9.3) years)

• Excellent internal consistency (Chronbach's alpha = 0.94)

(Giladi et al, 2009)

• Excellent internal consistency at baseline  (Chronbach's alpha = 0.89)
• Excellent internal consistency at 10 weeks  (Chronbach's alpha = 0.90)

Parkinson's Disease:

(Giladi et al, 2000)

Early Stage Parkinson's Disease:

(Amboni et al, 2008; n = 13 patients with early stage PD; H & Y is equal to or less than 2.5 at ON state; mean age = 66.46 (8.21) years; disease duration < 10 years)

• Excellent correlation:
  • Stroop test – Part II (r = -0.618)
• Adequate correlation
  • Ten-point clock test (r = -0.429)
  • Phonological verbal fluency (r = -0.464)
  • Frontal assessment battery (r = -0.501)

Parkinson’s Disease:

(Nilsson and Hagell, 2009; n = 37 people with PD; median age = 67 (56-73) years; sex = 29 males, 8 females; falls = 20 fallers, 17 non-fallers)

• Excellent correlation:
  • Off phase H & Y stage (r = 0.65)
  • Part II ADL (r = 0.66)
  • Part IV items 32-35 dyskinesias and items 36-39 motor fluctuations (r =0.62)
• Adequate correlation:
  • Part III motor (r = 0.59)
  • Item 15 walking (r = 0.56)
  • Item 13 falling unrelated to freezing (r = 0.55)
  • Item 29 gait (r = 0.54)
  • UPDRS – item 30 postural instability (r = 0.47)
  • On phase H & Y stage (r = 0.46)
  • PD duration (r = 0.42)
  • Timed Up and Go (r = 0.40)
  • Comfortable and fast gait speed (r = -0.32)
  • Physical functioning scale of 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (r = -0.48)
  • Falls-Efficacy Scale (r = -0.59)
  • UPDRS – Part I mentation, behavior, and mood (r = 0.35)
• Poor correlation:
  • Age (r = 0.05)

(Tan D et al, 2011; n = 210 people with PD; median age = 67.9 (9.6) years; sex = 140 males, 70 females; H&Y I-IV mean = 2.5)

• Moderate relationship between FOGQ and activity limitation as measured by the UPDRS ADL score (p = 0.48; p < 0.001) and the Schwab and England ADL scale (p = -0.48; p < 0.001)

(Shine et al, 2012; n = 24; mean age = 69 (8.41) years; H&Y range 2-4, mean = 2.66 (0.53))

• Freezing of gait was assessed using multiple tasks during the TUG (usual TUG, TUG with 540 degree turn, TUG with obstacle and TUG with narrow passageway and number of freezes and time spent frozen were assessed using video taped movement analysis
• Correlation between percentage of time spent “frozen” during TUG tasks and ratings on the FOGQ (r = 0.30, p = 0.095) were not significant
• Correlation between number of freezing events and FOGQ (r = 0.11, p = 0.613) was not significant and weak
• Question 3: “do you feel that your feet get glued to the floor while walking, making a turn or when trying ot initiate walking” was most strongly associated with freezing episodes; (r = 0.40, p = 0.178)

(Ellis et al, 2011; n = 263; (150 men, 113 women); mean age 67.7 (9.2) years; H&Y I = 16, 1.5 = 4; 2 = 113; 2.5 = 62; 3 = 52; 4 = 15)

• Quality of life as assessed by the PDQ-39 had strong correlation with the FOGQ (r = 0.57, p < 0.01)
• FOGQ predicted PDQ-39 mobility scores (R2 change = 0.23, p < 0.001)

Parkinson's Disease:

(Giladi et al, 2009)

• Adequate correlation with United Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) (r = 0.74)

Parkinson's Disease: (Nilsson and Hagell, 2009) 

• Adequate floor and ceiling effects: less than or equal to 5.4%

(Wieler et al, 2005; n = 12 patients with PD and FOG; mean age = 67 (53-79) years; mean disease duration = 12 (5-23) years)

• The FOGQ may underestimate ceiling effects

Parkinson’s Disease:

(Giladi et al, 2009)

(Lim et al, 2008; n = 153 patients with PD; 67 (7.5) years)

• Accuracy of a model derived to determine probability of falling with FOGQ alone 65.3%

(Nieuwboer et al, 2009; n = 102 Non-demented people with Parkinson's disease; mean age = 64.4(10.5) years)

• Inclusion of general gait items reduces FOGQ specificity

MSA:

(Gurevich and Giladi, 2003; n = 28 patients with clinical diagnosis of MSA; mean age = 66.8 (10.3) years; mean H & Y score = 3.6 (0.6); mean disease duration = 6.4 (4.0) years)

• Excellent correlation with Hoehn and Yahr (r = 0.98)