The CMS measures overall function using subjective and objective measurements of the patient’s shoulder based on their pain, ROM, strength, ability to perform ADLs, and upper extremity function.
10
5-7 minutes
Adult
18 - 64
yearsElderly Adult
+
yearsInitially reviewed in 2019 by
Updated by Younus Baig, Midwestern University in 2020
The European Society for Shoulder and Elbow Surgery (Vrotsou, et al., 2018)
Shoulder osteoarthritis: (Krukenberg et al., 2018; n = 105; Mean Age = 64 (range 40-79); 2 year followup; scores after implantation of stemless glenohumeral prosthesis and followed by physiotherapy)
Shoulder rheumatoid arthritis: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010)
Arthritis: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010)
Arthritis: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010)
Arthritis: (Vrotsou et al, 2018)
Shoulder Impingement (Moeller et al., 2014; n = 45; Mean Age =48.1 (15.0); all participants had shoulder impingement syndrome)
Shoulder Impingement (Henseler, et al., 2015; n = 180; mean age = 58 (8.8) years; impingement n = 34, supraspinatus tears n = 105, massive RC tears n = 41)
Supraspinatus tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Rotator cuff tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Humeral Shaft Fracture (Mahabier et al., 2017; n=114, Median Age=58 (25-75th percentile=41-68); CMS was completed 5 times until one year post-fracture)
Clavicle Fracture (Ban, et al., 2016; n = 36; Mean Age = 41.3; Mean Time Post Injury = 6.8 (1.0) weeks)
Shoulder Impingement (Moeller et al., 2014)
Shoulder Impingement (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Supraspinatus Tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Massive Rotator Cuff Tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Humeral Shaft Fracture (Mahabier et al., 2017)
Clavicle Fracture (Ban, et al., 2016)
Humeral Shaft Fracture (Mahabier et al., 2017)
Shoulder Impingement (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Supraspinatus Tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Massive Rotator Cuff Tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Proximal Humeral Shaft Fracture (Dietrich et al., 2014; n = 72;
Mean Age = 52; 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively or until return to work)
|
|
1.5 month |
3 month |
6 month |
12 month |
|
Mean |
51 |
69.5 |
82 |
86.5 |
Shoulder dysfunction: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010, n=63)
Rotator Cuff Repair: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010, n=63)
Shoulder Impingement (Moeller et al., 2014)
Clavicle Fracture: (Ban, et al., 2016)
Shoulder Impingement (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Supraspinatus Tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Massive Rotator Cuff Tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Subacromial Pathology: (Vrotsou et al, 2018)
Rotator Cuff Arthropathy: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010)
Humeral Shaft Fracture: (Mahabier et al., 2017)
Clavicle Fracture: (Ban, et al., 2016)
Shoulder Impingement (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Supraspinatus Tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Massive Rotator Cuff Tear (Henseler, et al., 2015)
Rotator cuff arthropathy: (Slobogean et al., 2011)
Shoulder arthroplasty: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010, n=153)
Shoulder arthroplasty: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010, n=42)
Rotator cuff repair: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010, n=28, 6 months post repair)
Shoulder instability: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010, n=92)
Subacromial Pathology: (Vrotsou et al, 2018)
Humeral Shaft Fracture: (Mahabier et al., 2017)
Healthy Subjects: (Roy, MacDermid, & Woodhouse, 2010, n=63)
Rotator Cuff Repair: (Cvetanovich et al., 2019; n = 288; Mean age = 56.2 (10.1); 1year follow-up)
Arthroscopic surgery/rotator cuff repair:
(Levy et al., 2014; n = 58 preoperatively, n = 50 postoperatively; mean age = 54 (13.5); 3 month postoperative followup)
|
|
Method of Assessment |
Number of patients |
Mean |
SD |
Range |
|
Full Constant-Murley Score (0-100 points) |
Clinician-based |
108 |
48 |
20 |
4-90 |
|
Patient-based |
108 |
47 |
19.5 |
4-90 |
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: (Sciascia et al., 2017; n = 234;
Mean Age = 67(10); Mean Follow-up Time: 3 +/- 1 year)
Ban I, Troelsen A, Kristensen MT. “High inter-rater reliability, agreement, and convergent validity of Constant score in patients with clavicle fractures.” J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2016 Oct;25(10):1577-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2016.02.022. Epub 2016 Apr PubMed PMID: 27106115.
Cvetanovich GL, Gowd AK, Liu JN, Nwachukwu BU, Cabarcas BC, Cole BJ, Forsythe B, Romeo AA, Verma NN. “Establishing clinically significant outcome after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.” J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2019 May;28(5):939-948. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2018.10.013. Epub 2019 Jan 24. PubMed PMID: 30685283.
Dietrich M, Wasmer M, Platz A, Spross C. “Return-to-Work Following Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Proximal Humerus Fractures.” Open Orthop J. 2014;8:281-7. doi: 10.2174/1874325001408010281. eCollection 2014. PubMed PMID: 25246994; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4168652.
Henseler JF, Kolk A, van der Zwaal P, Nagels J, Vliet Vlieland TP, Nelissen RG. “The minimal detectable change of the Constant score in impingement, full-thickness tears, and massive rotator cuff tears.” J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2015 Mar;24(3):376-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2014.07.003. Epub 2014 Sep 17. PubMed PMID: 25240810.
Krukenberg A, McBirnie J, Bartsch S, Böhler N, Wiedemann E, Jost B, Mansat P, Bellon-Champel P, Angeloni R, Scheibel M. “Sidus Stem-Free Shoulder System for primary osteoarthritis: short-term results of a multicenter study.” J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2018 Aug;27(8):1483-1490. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2018.02.057. Epub 2018 Apr 3. PubMed PMID: 29625813.
Levy, O., Haddo, O., Massoud, S., Mullett, H., & Atoun, E. (2014). A patient-derived Constant-Murley score is comparable to a clinician-derived score. Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 472(1), 294–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-013-3249-3
Mahabier KC, Den Hartog D, Theyskens N, Verhofstad MHJ, Van Lieshout EMM.”Reliability, validity, responsiveness, and minimal important change of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand and Constant-Murley scores in patients with a humeral shaft fracture.” J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2017 Jan;26(1):e1-e12. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2016.07.072. Epub 2016 Oct 10. PubMed PMID: 27745806.
Moeller AD, Thorsen RR, Torabi TP, Bjoerkman AS, Christensen EH, Maribo T, Christiansen DH. “The Danish version of the modified
Constant-Murley shoulder score: reliability, agreement, and construct validity.” J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2014 May;44(5):336-40. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2014.5008. Epub 2014 Mar 27. PubMed PMID: 24673447
Roy JS, MacDermid JC, Woodhouse LJ. “A systematic review of the psychometric properties of the Constant-Murley score.” J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2010a Jan;19(1):157-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2009.04.008. Review. PubMed PMID: 19559630.
Roy JS, Macdermid JC, Goel D, Faber KJ, Athwal GS, Drosdowech DS. “What is a Successful Outcome Following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty?.” Open Orthop J.2010b Apr 23;4:157-63. doi: 10.2174/1874325001004010157. PubMed PMID: 20582242; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2892087.
Sciascia AD, Morris BJ, Jacobs CA, Edwards TB. “Responsiveness and Internal Validity of Common Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Following Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.” Orthopedics. 2017 May 1;40(3):e513-e519. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20170327-02. Epub 2017 Mar 31. PubMed PMID: 28358978.
Slobogean GP, Slobogean BL. “Measuring shoulder injury function: common scales and checklists.” Injury. 2011 Mar;42(3):248-52. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2010.11.046. Epub 2010 Dec 13. Review. PubMed PMID: 21146167.
Vrotsou K, Ávila M, Machón M, Mateo-Abad M, Pardo Y, Garin O, Zaror C, González N, Escobar A, Cuéllar R. “Constant-Murley Score: systematic review and standardized evaluation in different shoulder pathologies.” Qual Life Res. 2018 Sep;27(9):2217-2226. doi: 10.1007/s11136-018-1875-7. Epub 2018 May 10. Review. PubMed PMID: 29748823; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6132990.
We have reviewed more than 500 instruments for use with a number of diagnoses including stroke, spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury among several others.